The Florida Entomologist, Vol. 81, No. 3 (Sep., 1998), pp. 310-317 (8 pages) Wolbachia are intracellular bacteria that manipulate the reproduction of their arthropod hosts. The nature of the ...

This discovery offers important new clues towards solving the long-standing riddle of how arthropods evolved the appendages on their heads: one or more pairs of legs at the front of their bodies ...

They’re also one of the world’s largest arthropods, animals with no backbone, external skeletons, and multiple-jointed appendages. In this crab’s case, those appendages are its 10 legs.

Ecdysozoans include arthropods (such as insects and crabs ... and muscular systems were likely tied to the development of appendages, enabling more complex locomotion,” Dr María Herranz ...