Each chromosome pair viewed in a karyotype appears to have its own distinct "bar code" of bands. What changes do scientists look for in a karyotype when diagnosing diseases and disorders?

approximately 850 bands can be distinguished in a karyotype. As Figure 2 illustrates, additional subdivisions can be detected in all of the regions on chromosome 12 under these conditions.

2013;13(6):601-611. In other situations, normal microarray analysis in the presence of an abnormal karyotype, such as marker chromosomes, is reassuring, as it indicates that the marker is lacking ...