Specifically, instead of the four bases from which DNA is constructed linking to each other like normal (adenine to thymine on the opposite strand ... under test tube conditions (in vitro conditions).

During the process, known as “conjugation,” one bacterial cell connects directly to another through a tiny tube that allows the transfer of genetic material fragments known as plasmids. Plasmids are ...

As mentioned, plasmids are double-stranded circular DNA segments. In order to pass through the thin tube that connects the bacteria, one of those circular strands is cut at a certain point by a ...