The Earth has a layered structure made up of the core, the mantle and the crust. Different elements are present in different parts of the Earth’s structure. The crust is made from enormous ...

making up about 28% of its composition. Though hydrogen is the most common element in the universe (around 75% of the universe’s mass), it is rare on Earth, making up only 0.14% of the crust.

My research focuses on the understanding of the present-day physical and chemical structure of the Earth's mantle and crust as well as its physical and chemical evolution over geologic time. Within ...

Minerals are chemical compounds which occur naturally in the Earth’s crust. A compound is a substance which is made from two or more elements which are chemically bonded together in a fixed ...

Atomic number 16, atomic weight 32.064. Silicon (Si): Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust and can be found in rocks, sand and clay. It acts as a deoxidizer in steel ...

Like a moth in a cocoon, the metamorphosis of Earth's crust from molten goop to solid land is hidden from ... the chunks of rock we live upon typically rise a touch higher than the submerged chunks of ...

At the heart of our biological composition are four elements ... for human life are also found in the Earth’s crust. The complex interplay of elements in the human body is a testament to ...