Once patients stop responding to BCG, there are few alternatives. One of those alternatives is removal of the bladder which offers the most definitive cancer treatment; however, it is associated ...

bladder cancer is 60% to 70%. However, in 30% to 50% of the cases, bladder tumors are unresponsive to BCG treatment. In these ...

BCG is also used as a biotherapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. Despite being the most successful cancer biotherapy, the mechanism of action and determinants of response to BCG remain obscure. We ...

There are few treatment options for patients who develop BCG-unresponsive bladder cancer, which raises the risk of the cancer spreading throughout the body. Around 40% of patients don’t respond ...