By contrast, when microorganisms are placed into a hypertonic environment where the concentration of solute is higher outside the cell, water is lost from the cell resulting in dehydration, shrinkage ...

Ectoine is a naturally occurring compound that serves as a protective agent for cells under osmotic stress, which can occur in extreme environments. It is produced by various microorganisms ...

The organisms can also withstand being completely ... reduction of metabolic activity during osmotic shock. We find that ...