Plant pests such as bacteria and fungi lead to significant yield losses in agriculture. In order to develop new strategies ...

Plants have two basic immune pathways. First, a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) on the plant cell’s surface recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) released by invaders—say, the ...

Plant hormones play a major role in plant growth and development. They affect similar processes but, paradoxically, their signaling pathways act nonredundantly. Hormone signals are integrated at ...

and biotic factors such as pathogens. Recent research has focused on understanding the complex signaling pathways and genetic mechanisms that enable plants to sense and respond to these stresses.

It involves the transport of signaling molecules (e.g., SA) throughout the plant, leading to a primed state of defense. Upon ...

Biologists have identified important components and mechanisms of the molecular machinery that transmits information about a pathogen encounter within the plant organism.