For decades, dogma dictated that the immune system consisted of two separate branches. Cells of the innate system respond rapidly to molecular patterns shared by a broad array of pathogens. Meanwhile, ...

Plant immunity is very similar to the human innate immune system, which is the first round of defense against infection. Although plants share similar cellular pathways as humans, plants evolved to ...

Scientists have created a new atlas of plant cells during immune response, in turn discovering a new rare cell state, called Primary IMmunE Responder (PRIMER), that acts as an immune response hub ...

Plants have two basic immune pathways. First, a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) on the plant cell’s surface recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) released by invaders—say, the ...

In order to develop new strategies against such pathogens, understanding the plant’s immune response is of central importance. A team headed by biologist Prof Jörg Kudla of the University of Münster ...

Research from Salk Institute scientists reveals how plant cells switch roles to protect themselves against pathogens. When a threat is encountered, the cells enter a specialized immune state and ...

These findings resemble classic descriptions of immune memory in immune cells. Hence, the investigators have termed it ...

Human bodies defend themselves using a diverse population of immune cells that circulate from one organ to another, responding to everything from cuts to colds to cancer. But plants don’t have this ...

Most of the body’s immune cells are in the lining of the intestine, and microbes in the gut play a crucial role in keeping this system healthy. Plant-based diets are typically higher in fibre ...

This immune response is slow to develop, highly specific against pathogens, and uses memory cells. In addition, there is the ...