[2,3] Of note, other ascending aminergic pathways ... regulated by the systemic and adrenomedullary sympathetic nervous systems. Interestingly, postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers also ...

Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system (SNS), which ... from the adrenal gland and sympathetic postganglionic neurons. Most immune cells express ...