Rarely, pulmonary vein stenosis developing following ... The two most important measurements made on echocardiography are the pressure half-time and the mitral valve area. Because transmitral ...

Calcification of the aortic valve, pulmonary congestion and post ... gradient between the LV and the aorta on echocardiography. Aortic stenosis is described as mild, moderate or severe based ...

In principle, the blood volume passing through a stenotic valve (aortic stenosis) is equal to the blood volume proximal to the stenosis or in the LVOT (Figure 4). The stroke volume is equal to ...

Aortic stenosis is a disease often diagnosed in its asymptomatic phase due to its distinct murmur and the widespread use of noninvasive imaging. The history, however, is still of paramount ...

The four heart valves – pulmonary and tricuspid on ... the higher their chance of having a significant valve issue.' The main ...