Background: The morphology of the pulmonary veins (PVs ... correlated with the decrease in the left atrial diameter. Shortening of the PV trunk correlated with the severity of PV narrowing ...

the foci that initiate and possibly sustain the arrhythmia are generally located in the left atrium at the ostia of the pulmonary veins. 2 AF frequently becomes more persistent over time ...

atrial flutter and (C) AF. Electrogram recordings in a patient with a focal pulmonary vein (PV) tachycardia originating from the right upper PV (RUPV). The fluoroscopic image (left anterior ...

This is called systemic circulation. Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart from the lungs in the pulmonary vein. It goes into the left atrium, through the bicuspid valve and into the left ...

The bicuspid valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and ... away from the right ventricle to the lungs. The pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the ...

As mitral stenosis progresses over time, the pressure in the left atrium rises. This pressure is transmitted to the pulmonary veins, the pulmonary vasculature, and eventually to the right side of ...

allowing atrial filling from the pulmonary veins at low pressures. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the term used for (abnormal) systolic retrograde flow of blood from the left ventricle to the left ...

Pulmonary Vein Isolation Alone for Persistent AF ... followed by PVI and linear ablation targeting the left atrial roof, mitral isthmus, and cavotricuspid isthmus. The primary objective focused ...