Medically reviewed by Jonathan B. Jassey, DO High ammonia levels are toxic and cause symptoms such as headache, confusion, disorientation, excessive sleepiness, and difficulty concentrating. These ...

In this procedure, patients are connected to a dialysis machine which acts as an artificial kidney to remove most of the urea and restore/maintain the water and ion balance of the blood.

The ureters are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder, whereas the urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body. Urine contains water, urea and salts. Urea is produced ...