Bands of soft rock such as clay and sand are weaker and therefore they can be eroded quickly. This process forms bays. A bay is an inlet of the sea where the land curves inwards, usually with a beach.

Landscape evolution and erosion processes are critical areas of study in understanding how Earth's surface changes over time due to natural forces. Recent research has focused on various methods ...

Weathering and erosion slowly chisel, polish, and buff Earth's rock into ever evolving works of art—and then wash the remains into the sea. The processes are definitively independent ...

Hard rock such as chalk is more resistant to the processes of erosion. When the softer rock is eroded inwards, the hard rock sticks out into the sea, forming a headland.

Because of the growing hazard, the university said it was "crucial" to understand erosion processes, including how and when they might threaten buildings and other infrastructure built on cliffs.