Background: The purpose of the present study was to define the differential diagnostic markers of benign and malignant bile duct strictures without demonstrable mass on ultrasonography (US ...

Known risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma include primary sclerosing cholangitis (an inflammatory disease of the bile ducts), congenital liver malformations, infection with the parasitic liver ...

Cholangiocarcinoma is classically described as an irregular narrowing of the bile duct with shouldered scalloped margins. The stricture usually causes a high-grade or complete obstruction with ...