Neurobiological emergentism” explains how sentience—the subjective feeling aspects of consciousness—developed in ancient animals that evolved the first complex neural systems.
Mackie and colleagues present a valuable comparison of lateralized gustation in two well-studied nematodes. The evidence they present that ASEL/R lateralization exists and is achieved by different ...
According to a new paper in the journal Biology Letters ... one sex is larger than the other. For example, male lions are larger than females, whereas in some species—including certain spiders ...