However, this symbol did not originate with Islam; it was adopted for the first time by the city of Byzantine (which later became Istanbul). While the Ottoman Empire ruled the Muslim world ...

The Qadam station was the workhorse of the iconic Hejaz Railway that was built under the Ottoman Empire’s Sultan Abdulhamid ...

The Qadam station was the workhorse of the iconic Hejaz Railway that was built under the Ottoman Empire’s Sultan Abdulhamid ... briefly, as a symbol of triumph and revival.

Fez hats were once a symbol of the Ottoman Empire. But after they were banned in Egypt in the 1950s, fez shops largely disappeared. We visited one of the last shops in Cairo, where Nasser Abd El ...

The Qadam station was the workhorse of the iconic Hejaz Railway that was built under the Ottoman Empire’s Sultan Abdulhamid ... briefly, as a symbol of triumph and revival.