In physical geography, a fjord (also spelled fiord in New Zealand English; / ˈ f j ɔːr d, f iː ˈ ɔːr d / ⓘ [1]) is a long, narrow sea inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier. [2] Fjords exist on the coasts of Antarctica, the Arctic, and surrounding landmasses of the northern and southern hemispheres. [3]

fjord, long narrow arm of the sea, commonly extending far inland, that results from marine inundation of a glaciated valley. Many fjords are astonishingly deep; Sogn Fjord in Norway is 1,308 m (4,290 feet) deep, and Canal Messier in Chile is 1,270 m (4,167 feet).

2024年6月28日 · A fjord is a narrow, deep inlet of the sea or a lake formed by the submergence of a glacially eroded valley, whereas a glacier is a large mass of ice that forms over many years by the accumulation and compaction of snow.

2024年1月29日 · The fjords were formed by the giant glacier tongues that through several ice ages have shaped the landscape. A fjord is thus a U-shaped undersea valley, and on the west coast, this valley is often surrounded by dramatic mountain scenery.

Fjords are found in locations where current or past glaciation extended below current sea level. A fjord is formed when a glacier retreats, after carving its typical U-shaped valley, and the sea fills the resulting valley floor.

2023年10月19日 · Fjords are usually deepest farther inland, where the glacial force was strongest. Some features of fjords include coral reefs and rocky islands called skerries. Some of the largest coral reefs are found at the bottom of fjords in Norway.

2025年1月17日 · Glaciers cover 0.7% of the Norwegian mainland, and there are a total of 2,500 glaciers of different shapes and sizes. The glaciers are important in relation to hydroelectric power, research on the climate and for tourism and recreation. They can also be the cause of sudden floods and icefalls.

2017年4月25日 · Fjords have been shaped throughout the span of several ice ages by slow-moving glaciers. As the glacier moved, it cut away at the top layers of ice and into the sediment below. Melting waters also carved away into the land, meaning that many fjords are actually deeper than the sea that feeds into it.

2021年9月24日 · The ice of a glacier carries along stones and gravel, which gradually erode the bedrock. Over thousands of years, this creates narrow U-shaped valleys. When the glaciers melted at the end of the last ice age, the sea level rose considerably.

A fjord is formed when a glacier retreats, after carving its typical U-shaped valley, and the sea fills the resulting valley floor. This forms a narrow, steep sided inlet (in Norway, sometimes deeper than 1300 meters) connected to the sea.