The name lactone derives from the ring compound called lactide, which is formed from the dehydration of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid (lactic acid) CH 3-CH(OH)-COOH. Lactic acid, in turn, derives its name from its original isolation from soured milk (Latin: lac, lactis).

Lactone is derived from a compound called Lactide, that is generated by the dehydration of lactic acid. It has a ring of 2 or more carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom. Explore more @ BYJU'S.

2021年3月26日 · Motivated by the numerous examples of naturally occurring lactones and their wide array of biological activities, synthetic organic chemists have directed their attention to the construction of lactone rings.

Lactones are a special kind of ester in the form of a ring. It is often possible to form them via an internal esterification process.

Imidazolinium-derived carbenes catalyze an efficient ring-expansion lactonization of oxacycloalkane-2-carboxaldehydes to give various functionalized five-, six-, and seven-membered lactones under mild reaction conditions. The electronic nature of the carbene catalyst plays a crucial role for the success of this method.

A lactone ring refers to a structural feature found in many natural products, particularly those with a 5,6-dihydropyran-2-one moiety. These compounds exhibit diverse pharmacological activities and are of significant interest in both chemistry and pharmacology.

The γ- and δ-lactones, containing five- and six-membered rings, respectively, are the most common. They are formed by loss of water from the corresponding hydroxy acids, a process that often occurs spontaneously even in aqueous solution.

2024年12月3日 · Lactones are known with rings of all sizes from 3 to 20 or more, although 3-membered rings are extremely unstable. The easiest to synthesize are five- and six-membered lactones, but many larger ones are found in nature.

Lactones are the result of molecular ring formation involving an ester group by the elimination of water, an example of which is the formation of γ-butyl lactone given below:

Two lactone forms are present (L p and L n) differing in the state of ionization of the phenol on ring A. Reversible hydrolysis of the ring may transform these species to their lactone E-ring may transform these species to their carboxylate counterparts (C n and C a respectively).