Task switching, or set-shifting, is an executive function that involves the ability to unconsciously shift attention between one task and another. In contrast, cognitive shifting is a very similar executive function, but it involves conscious (not unconscious) change in attention.

Here we review neuroimaging studies of cognitive flexibility, focusing on set shifting and task switching. We propose that more consistent operationalization and study of cognitive flexibility is required in clinical and developmental neuroscience.

2021年6月14日 · We use the most broad term “task switching” in this paper and discuss studies that examine the behavioral or neural consequences of a change in the goal or the relevant stimulus property regardless of whether it is referred to …

Two experiments examined processes underlying cognitive inflexibility in set-shifting tasks typically used to assess the development of executive function in children.

Set shifting is defined by the ability to switch from one mental set to another in order to adapt our actions to a changing environment. As a central component of executive functions, impairment in set shifting may preclude patients to resume a normal life after brain surgery.

2021年2月3日 · In one influential account, executive functions are postulated to comprise three latent variables, described as mental set-shifting (‘shifting’), information updating and monitoring in working...

2017年6月8日 · In this study, 20 task pairs were administered to 119 young adults to assess 5 proposed components of mental set shifting: switching between judgments, stimulus dimensions, stimulus–response mappings, response sets, and stimulus sets.

2021年1月29日 · Set shifting, a subdomain of executive function, is the ability to switch between different cognitive sets. The results of existing studies are inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted that pooled available effect sizes.

Our data suggest that, in patients with schizophrenia, set-shifting is associated with increased activation in the rostral and dorsal ACC, reflecting higher emotional and cognitive demands, respectively.

Only When Switching Away from an Effortfully Established Task Set. The current study investigated whether trait anxiety was systematically related to task-set shifting performance, using a task-switching paradigm in which one task was …